Anelosimus tungurahua Agnarsson, 2006 Anelosimus studiosus is a subsocial tangle web spider or theridiid spider living in both North America and South America.

Studies suggest that the correlation between a higher frequency of social phenotypes and colder temperatures is due to decreased survival rates amongst mothers and delayed juvenile development in colder temperatures.

[4] In other words, it is believed that sociality developed in A. studiosus in order to mitigate fitness costs for offspring should their mother die before the brood is ready to disperse and survive on their own.

[3] Despite drastic differences in behavioral phenotypes, both social and asocial spiders readily interbreed and produce viable offspring.

Spiders that are more closely related genetically and display the social phenotype incur a fitness advantage by staying close to the nest and cooperating with their relatives [3] Although the emergence of a social phenotype may increase survival rates of offspring in the short term, research suggests it may cause long-term fitness consequences.