In the same year she married Ernst Boris Chain, a biochemist who had won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945, and moved with him to Rome.
[3] Beloff-Chain worked at Italy's Istituto Superiore di Sanità (National Institute of Health) with Chain from 1948 to 1964, and held the position of chief research scientist.
[2][3] Her research focused on carbohydrate metabolism and the mechanism of action of insulin in hormonal control of diabetes and obesity.
[2] At Buckingham, she received funding from the Clore Foundation to establish and head the Department of Biochemistry, where she worked until her death.
[2] She is best remembered for her significant discovery that levels of beta-cell-tropin, an insulin secretagogue hormone, were elevated in the blood of obese individuals.