The segment between Gloucester Harbor and the Newburyport/Rockport Line bridge is also known as the Blynman Canal.
The estuary is about 4.5 miles (7.2 km) long, navigable, and open to the ocean at both ends.
The river was dredged by the United States Army Corps of Engineers in 1965 to create a channel some 8 feet (2.4 m) deep, and 60 to 200 feet (18 to 61 m) wide.
Annisquam Harbor Light stands on the east, Cape Ann, side of the north entrance to the river.
There are only three fixed crossings of the river: Massachusetts Route 128, the Rockport Branch of the MBTA Newburyport/Rockport Line, and Western Avenue (Massachusetts Route 127).