Anusvara

In the International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration (IAST), the corresponding symbol is ṃ (m with an underdot).

In writing Sanskrit, the anusvara is often used as an alternative representation of the nasal stop with the same place of articulation as the following plosive.

The precise phonetic value of the phoneme, whether it is represented by anusvāra or candrabindu, is dependent on the phonological environment.

The last rule has two sets of exceptions in which the anusvāra results only in the nasalization of the preceding short vowel.

[note 1] In Marathi, the anusvāra is pronounced as a nasal that is homorganic to the following consonant (with the same place of articulation).

Many words containing anusvara thus have alternative spellings with a chandrabindu instead of the anusvāra and vice versa.

In the Burmese script, the anusvara (အောက်မြစ် auk myit (့) IPA: [aʊʔ mjɪʔ]) is represented as a dot under a nasalised final to indicate a creaky tone (with a shortened vowel).

Burmese also uses a dot above a letter to indicate the /-ɴ/ nasalized ending (called "Myanmar Sign Anusvara" in Unicode), called သေးသေးတင် thay thay tin (IPA: [θé ðé tɪ̀ɰ̃]) (ံ) In the Sinhala script, the anusvara is not a nonspacing combining mark but a spacing combining mark.

The Telugu script has full-zero (sunna) ం , half-zero (arasunna) and visarga to convey various shades of nasal sounds.

Anusvara is represented as a circle shape after a letter:[10] క - ka and కం - kam.

[citation needed] Anunasika (anunāsika) is a form of vowel nasalization, often represented by an anusvara.

In Burmese, the anunasika, called သေးသေးတင် (IPA: [θé ðé tɪ̀ɰ̃]) and represented as ⟨ံ⟩, creates the /-ɰ̃/ nasalized ending when it is attached as a dot above a letter.