[1] Apis andreniformis is a part of the family Apidae, which includes honey, cuckoo, carpenter, digger, bumble, and stingless bees.
A. andreniformis is most closely related to Apis florea, its sister species with which it is commonly seen in sympatric distribution throughout southeast Asia.
[1] A. andreniformis can be distinguished from other Apis species by noting their dark black coloration, making them the darkest of their genus.
[3] Originally, it was thought that A. andreniformis was a part of the species A. florea, but recent studies have noted morphological differences that have separated the two.
Some distinctions include: structural differences in the endophalli, a larger wing venation in A. andreniformis, and a longer basitarsal extension in A.
[3] A. andreniformis nests are made of a single comb found hanging from small twigs[7] in quiet forests, generally in darker areas where there is 25 to 30% of normal sunlight.
[8] They are commonly found hanging in small trees, shrubs, or bushes are usually hidden behind leaves or branches to avoid detection.
[8] This open-air structure—found also in A. florea, A. dorsata, and A. laboriosa—along with a relatively flat line of nectar cells along the top, creates a plateau above the nest that can be used as a stage for their communication method known as the waggle dance.
[7] A. andreniformis is found in southeast Asia, specifically southern China, India, Burma, Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines.
[11] Once inside the colony of A. florea, the non-natal workers of A. andreniformis may attempt to lay their own eggs in order to continue propagating their species, an action known as reproductive parasitism.
[12] In a study conducted by Sitthipong Wongvilas et al., they found that most eggs laid by the non-natal A. andreniformis were policed by the queenright workers of the A. florea colony.
[12] Queenright colonies of A. andreniformis have also been observed to adopt queenless workers of A. florea as well, but their policing on non-natal larvae has not yet been studied.
[13] As stated previously, the presence of royal jelly on young female larva produced the queen bee.
[8] The dance is a straight run pointing directly to the source of pollen or nectar that the forager has visited.
[14] Excessive mating puts females at increased risk to predation since it must occur during flight and outside the nest in the open air.
[14] Some Apis males put a "mating sign" in the sting chamber of the queen that she is unable to remove.
For A. andreniformis specifically, some commercial products include royal jelly, wax, honey, and bee venoms.