The structure takes its name from a Spanish friar called Francisco de Tembleque.

Originally constructed between 1553 and 1570, the aqueduct stretches 45 kilometres (28 mi) long, beginning at Tecajete volcano just east of Zempoala and terminating at Otumba.

[1] It passed mostly at ground level, but also went underground as well as over ravines and valleys.

The highest valley the aqueduct spans is Papalote ravine, which is crossed by the 67-arch arcade also known as the Main Arcade, with the tallest arch standing 38.75 metres (127.1 ft).

[1] This site was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List on 20 November 2001 in the Cultural category.