Because Argobba is not part of any Zone in the Amhara Region, it is considered a Special woreda, an administrative subdivision which is similar to an autonomous area.

This woreda is named for the Argobba people, whose homeland lies in this district.

Based on the 2007 Census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA), this woreda has a total population of 34,998, of whom 17,710 are men and 17,288 women; none of the population were inhabitants.

The two largest ethnic groups reported in Argobba were the Argobba (95.6%), and the Amhara (4.3%); all other ethnic groups made up 0.1% of the population.

96.62% were Muslim, and 3.31% of the population said they practiced Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity.