First Balkan War order of battle: Hellenic Army

Following the defeat in the Greco-Turkish War of 1897, starting in 1904 and especially after the Goudi coup of 1909, serious efforts were undertaken to reorganize and modernize the Army.

[2] Greece's territorial claims in Macedonia and Thrace clashed with those of Bulgaria, leading in the so-called 'Macedonian Struggle' between the two in 1904–1908, an armed guerrilla and propaganda conflict over influence over the local Christian populations.

[14] Initially, the Army of Epirus was outnumbered by the Ottoman forces in the area (Yanya Corps under Esad Pasha), which numbered about 20,000 men.

Its forces numbered eight infantry and Evzone battalions, one cavalry company and 24 guns, totalling some 10,500 men in the early days of the war.

[12][16] At the outbreak of the war, it comprised the following units, concentrated in and around Arta:[17] To these were later added two battalions of Cretans, as well as the volunteer Garibaldini legion.

[19] In preparation for the Battle of Bizani, the Crown Prince brought in additional troops and artillery, while a Mixed Brigade was formed to attack the fortifications of Ioannina from the northeastern flank.

[20] Before the Battle of Bizani, the Army of Epirus comprised the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th Infantry Divisions, the Mixed Brigade, a cavalry regiment and the three independent detachments of Acheron, Preveza and Himara, in total 51 infantry battalions and other units, comprising 41,400 men with 48 machine guns and 93 field and mountain guns.

Greek artillerymen with 75 mm field gun.
Field uniforms of the Greek Army during the Balkan Wars
Sketch plan of the Greek left wing's flanking manoeuvre
Plan of the Greek flanking move that led to the fall of Ioannina.