Artemisa was the largest city and municipality of the former La Habana Province.

It is the most densely populated, after Havana city and Santiago de Cuba.

The economy of the Artemisa province is based mainly on agriculture (fruits, potatoes, rice, vegetables, sugar cane) and industry of building materials (two cement factories), food processing industry and power plants.

The province is also important in the military sector with the main Cuban Air Force base (San Antonio de los Baños) the Western base of the Cuban Navy (Cabañas Bay) and the Military Academy (College) "Antonio Maceo" in Caimito.

Source: Oficina Nacional de Estadísticas 2010[6] The maximum elevation in the province is Guajaibon peak (700 meters), and is located near N 22 47' 19" W 83 21' 52" in Sierra del Rosario range.