[1] It extends from Red Sea coast to the mountains, and includes both marine and terrestrial areas.

The park includes a portion of the Tihamah coastal plain, foothills underlain by granite and gneiss, the Asir escarpment dissected by deep wadis (canyons), and mountain peaks up to 3200 meters elevation.

Rainfall occurs mostly in two periods, the late winter-early spring and summer.

The coastal plain is covered in sparse desert vegetation.

The junipers form stands with Acacia origena, olive (Olea europaea) Nuxia oppositifolia, Maesa lanceolata, and Teclea nobilis at successively lower elevations on western slopes.