Bárbara Pereira de Alencar (11 February 1760 – 18 August 1832) was a Brazilian merchant and revolutionary.

There she married the Portuguese trader José Gonçalves dos Santos,[2] and the two established properties where they profited from the work of enslaved people.

Barbara was the head of the provisional government that was established by the revolutionaries, serving as the president of the Republic of Crato for 8 days.

[2] However, she was quickly captured, and was held and tortured in the fortress Fortaleza de Nossa Senhora da Assunção.

[4] De Alencar survived the 70-day Pernambucan revolt and her capture by the authorities, but she was repeatedly forced to flee from political persecution, until she died in 1832 in Fronteiras, Piauí.