Bahrain competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom from 27 July to 12 August 2012.

[1] For the first time in its history, Bahrain was represented by more female than male athletes at an Olympic event, which did not happen before for an Arab gold nation.

Most of them, however, were naturalized athletes (being born from a foreign country) in order to represent the nation in sports.

Bahrain left London with its first ever Olympic medal, won by middle-distance runner Maryam Yusuf Jamal in the women's 1500 metres.

IOC reallocated the medals in Women's 1500 metres event due to the disqualification of the gold and silver medallists Aslı Çakır Alptekin and Gamze Bulut, and bronze medalist Maryam Yusuf Jamal advanced to the gold.