[1] When the United States Navy decided in 1919 to establish a major naval base in Pearl Harbor, the southeastern side of Ford Island was ceded from control of the Army Air Service at the behest of Secretary of War Newton D. Baker.
Due to its location in the center of the harbor, where the water was deepest and the potential for maneuvering greater than along the shores, this coast of Ford Island became the de facto mooring location for the Pacific Fleet's battleships and took on the nickname "Battleship Row".
Arizona suffered the most serious damage and loss of life, an explosion in a forward magazine breaking the hull in two.
Oklahoma was eventually refloated but not repaired, and capsized and sank while being towed back to the mainland for scrapping.
[1] Utah was in port at Pearl Harbor, but was not moored with the rest of the battleships, as she had since been converted to a target ship.