Bernardin Gigault de Bellefonds

Bernardin Gigault, Marquis de Bellefonds (20 June 1630 – 4 December 1694) was a French nobleman, military officer and courtier who was appointed Marshal of France in 1668 and held a number of senior positions in the personal household of King Louis XIV.

His paternal grandfather Bernardin Gigault de Bellefonds (1580–1639) was Governor of Valognes and Caen; his grandmother Jeanne Suzanne aux-Épaules (?–1652) was the daughter of Henri-Robert-aux-Épaules, Lieutenant général du roi in Normandy.

The accession of the five-year old Louis XIV in 1643 caused a power struggle between his regents, headed by his mother, Anne of Austria and Cardinal Mazarin, opposed by regional magnates like Condé.

[6] In 1663, he was appointed head of the Maison du Roi or the King's household; given its proximity to Louis XIV, this was a position of great importance, held by an individual of proven loyalty.

[7] However, the Dutch preferred a weak Spain as a neighbour in the Spanish Netherlands, to a strong and ambitious France; with England and Sweden, they formed the Triple Alliance obliging Louis to return most of his gains in the 1668 Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle.

[11] While he never recovered his previous office in the Maison du Roi, in 1680 he was appointed head of household or Grand Ecuyer to La Dauphine, Maria Anna of Bavaria, a position he held until her death in April 1690.

In 1690, he was nominated general of French forces fighting in the Williamite War in Ireland to restore James to his throne but the Marquis de St Ruth was selected instead and was killed at Aughrim in July 1691.

Finally, he was close to Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet, Bishop to the Court at Versailles, and like him supported the decision of Louis' mistress Louise de La Vallière to enter a Carmelite convent in Paris in 1675.

Château de Servigny, family estate of Bernardin Gigault de Bellefonds, outside Valognes , Manche , Normandy , France
Fort Navagne, on the Meuse , taken and destroyed by Bellefonds in May 1674 but contrary to his orders; he was relieved of command
Porte St-Jacques, Cognac ; Bellefonds defended it against Frondeurs under Condé in November 1651
The Burning of French ships at La Hogue , June 1692; this was the final action of his military career
Coat of Arms of the Gigault de Bellefonds family; azure, chevron d'or and three silver lozenges [ 1 ]
Sainte-Chapelle de Vincennes , where Bellefonds was buried