Bicycle pump
Inflating tubeless tires requires an initial surge of air to seat the bead, and specialized pumps are available specifically for this task.
"All valves adjustable connecting systems," also known as AVACS, enable the pump to fit any type of valve found on a bicycle, and it also has the capacity to fit onto other universal inflatable products, such as balls, paddling pools, and rubber rings.
The AVACS feature is commonly available on pump models and can also be bought as a separate valve attachment.
An additional tube must connect the pump to the fill valve, which may create dead volume.
Integral pumps have a hole in the side with a rubber washer that fits round the valve.
On the forward stroke the air pushes the sides of the cup against the cylinder, so forming a seal; it provides its own valve.
If the bicycle has Presta valves a small brass reducer is required in order to use the pump.
One story says they were made "by a rider after watching a café proprietor charge up the glass of beer he had ordered from a bottle of carbon dioxide.
Carbon dioxide leaks out of a rubber inner tube more rapidly than air - despite its larger molecule size, the CO2 molecule is significantly more soluble than Oxygen and Nitrogen in rubber and as such can cause a tire to deflate far quicker than if filled with air.
Even non-standard do-it-yourself (DIY) 12-volt electric systems that are primarily for bicycle lighting are sometimes used to power these pumps when cigar lighter receptacles are installed.
A main advantage to electric pumps is that recent ones take up less space than hand or foot pumps, which makes them suitable for well-equipped bicycles with DIY 12-volt electric systems to use when basket space is of the essence.
Inflating to the lower number in the pressure range will increase traction and make the ride more comfortable.
The pump needs to match or exceed the stated air pressure the tires can handle.
If the maximum air pressure is too low, it will not be able to adequately inflate the tires, no matter how hard it is used.
