It is about 50 kilometres (31 mi) to the west of Florence and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) east of Pisa and it borders the following municipalities: Altopascio, Buti, Calcinaia, Capannori, Castelfranco di Sotto, Santa Maria a Monte, Vicopisano.

To the north of the town there was once the largest lake in Tuscany, the Lago di Bientina, until it was drained in 1859 and converted to farmland.

Being more distant from the sea, winters are usually less mild than Pisa and summers are warmer.

The climatic classification is "Zone D, 1856 GR/G"[3] Bientina is crossed by the Strada provinciale 439 Sarzanese Valdera and some secondary roads.

Until 1944 the town also had a train station along the former railway Lucca-Pontedera; the dilapidated building is still visible along the main road 25.