Biologics Control Act

[1] It was enacted in response to two incidents involving the deaths of 22 children who had contracted tetanus from contaminated vaccines.

Investigations found that the St. Louis Board of Health produced the contaminated anti-toxin using the blood of a horse infected with tetanus.

This board was given the power to issue, suspend, and revoke licenses to produce and sell biological products.

It was moved to Washington, D.C., in 1891, and renamed the Hygienic Laboratory of the Public Health and Marine Hospital Service in 1902.

[2] The Hygienic Laboratory was responsible for renewing licenses annually, testing products, and performing inspections.

The Marine Hospital, Staten Island, N.Y.
The Marine Hospital, Staten Island, N.Y. In 1887, National Institute of Health began as a single room Laboratory of Hygiene for bacteriological investigation established by the U.S. Marine Hospital Service at Stapleton, Staten Island, New York. From 1887 to 1891, the Laboratory was located in the attic of the Marine Hospital on Staten Island.