It is the nearest main line station for Bletchley Park (the World War II codebreaking centre and modern heritage attraction) and Stadium MK (the home of Milton Keynes Dons F.C).

[1] Originally a major intercity station, that role passed to Milton Keynes Central in 1982 when the latter was opened, long after the east–west route had been downgraded, taking Bletchley's importance as a junction with it.

Platforms 3 and 4 serve the WCML slow lines and are used by London Northwestern Railway services between Euston and Birmingham New Street.

A little to the south, the Bletchley Flyover (as of January 2021[update], under reconstruction) crosses over the main lines to carry East West Rail from Bedford towards Oxford.

The main buildings and station entrance are located on the west (Bletchley Park) side of the complex, off Sherwood Drive.

[7] In particular, it plans to build (or rebuild) a line linking Oxford and Cambridge via Bicester, Milton Keynes (at Bletchley) and Bedford.

A key element of the plan is to extend Bletchley station up to the flyover and build high level platforms (see below) so that passengers may transfer between the lines.

[12] As of August 2023, construction of the new building and the link bridge to the main station are complete, with internal fit-out remaining to be done.

[14] As part of a project to regenerate Bletchley as a whole, Milton Keynes Council has proposed the creation of a new eastern pedestrian access to the station by extending the existing platform overbridge across the tracks to reach Saxon Street.

[15] In the longer term it is planned to construct an underground concourse to link the eastern and western station entrances.

The plan for East West Rail provides for new high level platforms to be built on the eastern approach to the Bletchley Flyover, as the line has no direct route through the existing station without reversing.

In June 1997, Connex South Central began operating services between Gatwick Airport and Rugby via the Brighton and West London lines which called at Bletchley with Class 319s.

[27][28] It was cut back to terminate at Milton Keynes in December 2000 before being withdrawn in May 2002 due to capacity constraints on the West Coast Main Line while it was upgraded.