A BFP must purchase for value, meaning that they must pay for the property rather than simply be the beneficiary of a gift.
Moreover, so-called "race-notice" jurisdictions require the BFP to record (depending on the type of property by public notice or applying for registration) to enforce their rights.
Rather, it recognises that it has no jurisdiction over the question of legal title, which belongs to the common law.
In the United States, the patent law codifies the bona fide purchaser rule, 35 U.S.C. § 261.
Unlike the common law, the statute cuts off both equitable and legal claims to the title.