Brian R. Murphy is an American virologist and former co-chief of the Laboratory of Infectious Diseases at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease.

[2] He moved to the National Institutes of Health in 1970 as a research associate in the Laboratory of Infectious Diseases within the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease.

[4][2] In 1983, he was promoted to head the respiratory viruses section of the Laboratory of Infectious Diseases.

[3] Brian Murphy received the inaugural Robert M. Chanock award for lifetime achievements in RSV research at the Respiratory Syncytial Virus 2003 symposium in November 2003.

[6] Murphy's research has focused on vaccine development for various viruses.