Buzuluk (Russian: Бузулу́к) is a town in Orenburg Region, Russia, located on the Samara, Buzuluk, and Domashka Rivers, 246 kilometers (153 mi) northwest of Orenburg and 170 kilometers (110 mi) southeast of Samara.

[citation needed] An important development was the opening, in 1877, of the railway line connecting Samara with Orenburg.

Buzuluk was a principal stop along the line, and it is from this period that the town's first power station dates, along with its first schools and libraries.

Supported by the rail link and other new infrastructure developments, it now became an important rail-terminal for the transportation of wheat.

During World War II, in 1941, the command and staff of the newly formed Polish Anders' Army was based in Buzuluk,[12] and in 1942, the First Czechoslovak Independent Field Battalion was based there.