[2][3] Rival political factions disagreed about whether the county seat should be in Concord, a community north of present-day Leary, or in Dickey, then known as Whitney.

As a compromise, a spot halfway between Concord and Whitney was chosen for the county seat, and the town of Morgan was established there.

[5][6] In 2008, members of the Downtown Business Authority in Arlington founded the South Georgia Regional Information Technology Authority (SGRITA) with help from the state government to provide wireless broadband service to several counties in rural southwest Georgia.

The county's western and southwestern corner, from Arlington running northwest to west of Edison, is in the Spring Creek sub-basin of the same larger ACF River Basin.

[12] The United States Department of Agriculture has designated most of the county's land as prime farmland.

[26] Many farms in Calhoun County grow corn, oats, sorghum, and wheat.

Calhoun Nursing Home, a 60-bed long-term care facility in Edison, is now operated by Miller County.