[1][2] Likely one of the earliest and most basal caseodontoids, it can be characterized by its broad, ridge-ornamented crushing teeth made of various types of dentine.

The type species, C. agassizianus, was originally described in 1844 based on a small number of teeth from the Namurian of Belgium.

They shared some similarity to a massive "Agassizodus" jaw apparatus found in Osage, Kansas and described by St. John & Worthen (1875).

[5] However, others note that clearly identifiable Campodus teeth have not been found in the same areas from which Agassizodus was originally described.

Ginter additionally referred a specimen from Derbyshire, England to Campodus agassizianus.