[1] In 2024 the United States said it is not a carbon tax,[2] but the World Trade Organization is dysfunctional so is unable to agree or disagree.
[3] One aim to prevent carbon leakage from nations without a carbon price.
[1] Examples of imports which are high-carbon and so may be subject to a carbon tariff are electricity generated by coal-fired power stations, iron and steel from blast furnaces, and fertilizer from the Haber process.
Several countries levy carbon tariffs or are considering them.
[4] California has a carbon border adjustment mechanism for imported electricity.