Carbonate rock

When conditions are right for precipitation, calcite forms mineral coatings that cement the existing rock grains together or it can fill fractures.

In solution, magnesium ions can act as promoters of aragonite growth as they inhibit calcite precipitation.

The discovery of dolomite rock, or dolostone, was first published in 1791[8] and has been found across the Earth's crust from various different time periods.

[9] Because the rock is made of calcium, magnesium, and carbonate ions, the mineral crystalline structure can be visualized similar to calcite and magnesite.

[10] Due to this composition, the dolomite mineral present in dolostone can be classified by varying degree of calcium inclusion, and occasionally iron, too.

During the formation of concrete, however, breakdown of limestone releases carbon dioxide and contributes significantly to the greenhouse effect.

[11] There is significant amount of research studying the ideal quantity of calcium carbonate (derived from limestone) in concrete and if other compounds can be used to provide the same economic and structural integrity benefits.

Corals are marine organisms with calcium carbonate skeletons (rocks) which grow specific to oceanic conditions at the time of growth.

Due to the strong correlation between diagenesis and seawater temperature, coral skeletons can be used as proxies for understanding past climate effects.