[11][12] Alcaraz was discovered as an eleven-year old by Albert Molina, who convinced IMG to sign him and eventually introduced him to future coach Juan Carlos Ferrero.

[18] In February 2020, at the age of 16, Alcaraz made his ATP main-draw debut at the Rio Open after receiving a wild card for the singles main draw.

[21] He won his Grand Slam tournament debut defeating fellow qualifier Botic van de Zandschulp in straight sets before losing in the second round to Mikael Ymer.

[22] Alcaraz became the youngest match winner in the Madrid Open's history, defeating Adrian Mannarino as a wild card and breaking then-18-year-old Rafael Nadal's record from 2004.

[23][24][25] By winning the biggest title of his career until then at the 2021 Open de Oeiras III Challenger tournament, he entered the top 100 as the youngest player at the age of 18 on 24 May 2021.

[39] At the Next Gen ATP Finals, Alcaraz defeated Brandon Nakashima, Juan Manuel Cerúndolo, and Holger Rune in the round-robin stage.

In Indian Wells, Alcaraz reached his first Masters 1000 quarterfinal and semifinal, defeating defending champion Cameron Norrie before losing to Rafael Nadal.

1 in the history of the ATP Rankings at the age of 19 years, 4 months and 6 days, breaking Lleyton Hewitt's record,[5] and the second youngest all-time behind Lew Hoad.

[81] At the Paris Masters, Alcaraz reached the quarterfinals after defeating Yoshihito Nishioka and Grigor Dimitrov, but retired while being a set down against Holger Rune.

[82] A day later, Alcaraz announced he had suffered an abdominal tear requiring a six-week layoff, forcing him to end his season early.

In his first tournament for the 2023 season at the Golden Swing in South America, Alcaraz won his seventh title at the Argentina Open, defeating second seed Cameron Norrie.

[94] Alcaraz was scheduled to play at the Monte-Carlo Masters the following week, but withdrew due to post-traumatic arthritis in his left hand and muscular discomfort in his spine.

[95] He began the European clay court swing at the Barcelona Open; defeating Stefanos Tsitsipas in the final, he successfully defended his title without dropping a set.

[102] At the 2023 Wimbledon Championships, as the top seed, he reached the final following wins over Jérémy Chardy, Alexandre Müller, Nicolas Jarry, Matteo Berrettini, Holger Rune, and Daniil Medvedev.

[116] At the ATP Finals in Turin, Alcaraz reached the semifinals after beating Andrey Rublev and Daniil Medvedev, and losing to Alexander Zverev, in the round-robin stage.

[120] In February, Alcaraz entered 2024 Argentina Open as the defending champion and won his first two matches in straight sets[121] before losing to Nicolás Jarry at the semifinal.

[128] In Miami, where he aimed to complete the Sunshine Double, Alcaraz reached the quarterfinals defeating Roberto Carballés Baena, Gaël Monfils, and Lorenzo Musetti without dropping a set.

[134] In June, he reached his second French Open semi-final by defeating J. J. Wolf, Jesper de Jong, Sebastian Korda, Félix Auger-Aliassime, and Stefanos Tsitsipas.

[141] This match marked the first time Alcaraz broke a racket on court, which generated significant media coverage and caused him to make a public apology.

[142][143][144] He would next play the 2024 US Open, suffering a shocking second-round defeat in straight sets to Botic van de Zandschulp, his earliest loss in a major since Wimbledon 2021.

[148][149] He was reportedly unwell during the 2024 ATP Finals but chose not to withdraw, beating Andrey Rublev but losing to Casper Ruud and Alexander Zverev in straight sets to exit the tournament in the round robin stage.

Their first meeting was at the 2022 Madrid Masters semifinals, where Alcaraz prevailed in a deciding set tiebreaker, becoming the first and only man to secure back-to-back victories against Nadal and Djokovic on clay.

[161] The duo would meet again soon after in the 2023 Wimbledon final, in which Alcaraz would defeat Djokovic in an epic five-setter that lasted 4 hours and 42 minutes, ending his hopes for the calendar Grand Slam.

[162] One month later, they fought another epic at the 2023 Cincinnati Masters final, with Djokovic prevailing in three tightly contested sets after saving a championship point.

Djokovic prevailed in four sets to secure a third win against Alcaraz on hard court and postpone his hopes of achieving the Career Grand Slam.

[170] He has also been vocally supportive of many other Spanish athletes, including Formula One driver Fernando Alonso and Georgian-Spanish MMA fighter Ilia Topuria.

[190] On December 12th, 2024, Alcaraz inaugurated his foundation's exhibition "Los Pies en la Tierra" in Murcia, highlighting the importance of equal opportunities for children.

His forehand is typically his most potent shot: he can either hit it flat and fast for winners from every court position, or add a great amount of topspin and margin over the net.

[192] Alcaraz often adds topspin to his second serve in order to get a high bounce off the court and either push back or get a weak return from closer-returning opponents.

He has been compared to Novak Djokovic for his assured lateral movement and court-coverage, aided by physical splits and sliding through the court on defense, particularly on the backhand side.