Bayous and marshes on Cat Island are home to alligators and refuge to migratory birds.

[1] During World War II, the island was base for the Cat Island War Dog Reception and Training Center where Americans sent family dogs to be trained by the U.S. Army Signal Corps for military service.

This particular experiment was totally unsuccessful though dogs proved effective as an aid to sentries and advance scouts.

The eastern beach is owned by BP, who purchased it in April 2011 to use in assisting cleanup of the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill.

[6] During the foul weather associated with Hurricane Patricia a commercial fisherman reported abundant redfish in the flooded bayous of the island.