The station was once part of the Eryholme-Richmond branch line, built by the York and Newcastle Railway in 1846.

Like most of the infrastructure of the line, Catterick Bridge station was built in the Tudor Style.

On 4 February 1944, an ammunition train exploded in the station whist it was being loaded by four Army Privates.

In all twelve people were killed in the explosion (including the four army Privates) with 102 being injured.

The station was demolished soon after the line it served was closed, although some evidence still remains.