Cedarburg is a town in Ozaukee County, Wisconsin, United States, and is in the Milwaukee metropolitan area.

[3] In 1968, archaeologists from the Milwaukee Public Museum found human burials and artifacts, including stone altars, arrowheads, and pottery shards, during an excavation of one of the mounds.

[4][5] In the early 19th century, the land was inhabited by Native Americans, including the Potawatomi and Sauk tribes.

The Potawatomi surrendered the land the United States Federal Government in 1833 through the 1833 Treaty of Chicago, which (after being ratified in 1835) required them to leave Wisconsin by 1838.

[6][7] While many Native people moved west of the Mississippi River to Kansas, some chose to remain, and were referred to as "strolling Potawatomi" in contemporary documents because many of them were migrants who subsisted by squatting on their ancestral lands, which were now owned by white settlers.

The first resident was Joseph Gardenier, who built a log shanty on Cedar Creek as his headquarters for surveying for the construction of the Green Bay Road.

[10] The first train line, which eventually became part of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway, began running through Cedarburg in 1870.

[11] In 1885,[12] a large fire gutted the stone mill and destroyed the wooden outbuildings, causing the business to close.

The soil in area is a mixture of well-draining material, loess, and loam, which all overlie a layer of glacial till.

The creek's lower reaches in the City of Cedarburg have high levels of PCB contamination, and in 1993, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources believed that Cedar Creek had the highest PCB contamination level in the state.

[16] Despite cleanup efforts, the Wisconsin DNR advises against eating any fish caught in the creek downstream from the Bridge Road dam.

[17] Mole Creek, a tributary of the Milwaukee River, flows through the Town of Cedarburg's Pleasant Valley Nature Park.

[15] As land development continues to reduce wild areas, wildlife is forced into closer proximity with human communities like Cedarburg.

Large mammals, including white-tailed deer, coyotes, and red foxes can be seen in the town.

[15][14] The rare Goldenseal plant grows in a woodland on the northern boundary between the town and the City of Cedarburg.

[15] The region struggles with many invasive species, including the emerald ash borer, common carp, reed canary grass, the common reed, purple loosestrife, garlic mustard, Eurasian buckthorns, and honeysuckles.

[23] Since 1966, the fire department has organized "Maxwell Street Days" flea markets each summer as a fundraiser.

The town recreation department offers little league baseball, flag football, track and field, and soccer.