The hospital provides comprehensive pediatric specialties and subspecialties to infants, children, teens, and young adults aged 0–17 throughout eastern Virginia.

Children's Hospital of Richmond features the only pediatric Level 1 Trauma Center in the region and the state.

In 1973, VCU doctor, Dr. Barry Kirkpatrick established the first neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Richmond at Children's Medical Center at MCV, which was the first one in Virginia.

On November 7, 2011, doctors from Children's Hospital of Richmond performed a 20-hour-long surgery to separate conjoined twins, Maria and Teresa Tapia.

The goal of the alliance was to build a $1 billion independent, freestanding children's hospital in the Richmond area.

[19] The new building will replace the existing inpatient pediatric units at VCU's nearby adult hospital.