Christopher Johnston (December 8, 1856[a] – June 26, 1914) was an American physician and Assyriologist, a scholar of ancient Mesopotamia.

[1] Johnston studied at the University of Virginia, where he earned three degrees: a B. Litt.

He graduated from the medical department of the University of Maryland in 1880, practiced medicine until 1888 in Baltimore (while concurrently studying various languages), then entered Johns Hopkins to study Assyriology and Semitics, taking the degree of Ph.D. in 1894.

Johnston continued on to become a Professor of Oriental History and Archaeology at Hopkins.

He published Epistolary Literature of the Assyrians and Babylonians (1896) and edited Ancient Empires of the East (1906).