The Church of Our Lady of the Rosary (Portuguese: Igreja de Nossa Senhora do Rosário) is a Catholic temple located in the Prainha Historic Site, in the municipality of Vila Velha, in the state of Espírito Santo.

[1] The Church of Our Lady of the Rosary is the result of the extension of the oldest chapel built in the Captaincy of Espírito Santo, which was erected by its first donatário, Vasco Fernandes Coutinho, in 1535.

Some claim it is the oldest in operation in Brazil although, according to IPHAN, this title belongs to the Church of St. Cosmas and St. Damian, located in the municipality of Igarassu, in Pernambuco.

Also dating back to 1535, the temple of Pernambuco still retains its original form today, although it no longer holds masses.

In the nave with three altars, there is a baptismal font in lioz marble and a wooden ceiling in the shape of a tripartite prism.

[4]The Church of Our Lady of the Rosary is the only temple in America that preserves the history of the padroado and keeps the document of donation of the holy relics of St. Columbus and St.