The word clathrate is derived from the Latin clathratus (clatratus), meaning 'with bars, latticed'.
"[3] The term refers to many molecular hosts, including calixarenes and cyclodextrins and even some inorganic polymers such as zeolites.
Therefore, partial substitution of guest atoms follow Zintl rules so that the charge of the overall compound is conserved.
Most inorganic clathrates have full occupancy of its framework cages by a guest atom to be in stable phase.
Low thermal conductivity is attributed to the ability of the guest atom to "rattle" within the host framework.