Clement Throckmorton (c. 1512 – 1573) was an English landowner and Member of Parliament in the middle years of the 16th century.
He also had a successful military record, and was appointed Constable of Kenilworth Castle in 1553, a post he held until his death.
He also enhanced his fortune through successful trading, and was a founder member of the Muscovy Company.
Throckmorton was a reliable but moderate Protestant, although one of his brothers remained a Catholic, which cast a shadow of doubt over Clement's allegiances, and he himself was loyal to Queen Mary while she was on the throne.
However, his son, Job, was later one of the most active lay supporters of the Puritan opposition, and was deeply involved in the publication of the Marprelate Tracts.