Coal quality parameters of greatest interest include ash, moisture, sulfur, and energy density (also known as heat content).
In contrast, coal analyzers provide analysis information each minute on material being transported by conveyor either at the mine or the power plant.
This timely coal quality information in turn allows the operator to improve his process by taking timely process control actions, such as sorting, blending, coal homogenization, or prep plant control.
Another emerging technology for elemental analysis is laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS).
The demand for coal analyzers has been highest in the US, due to the need to control sulfur as mandated by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977.