Coexistence (electoral systems)

Condorcet methods Positional voting Cardinal voting Quota-remainder methods Approval-based committees Fractional social choice Semi-proportional representation By ballot type Pathological response Strategic voting Paradoxes of majority rule Positive results In political science, coexistence[1] involves different voters using different electoral systems depending on which electoral district they belong to.

For example, the rural-urban proportional (RUP) proposal for British Columbia involved the use of a fully proportional system of list-PR or STV in urban regions, combined with MMP in rural regions.

[3] Coexistence of electoral systems exist in multiple countries, like the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Panama, as well as for elections of the European Parliament.

Historically, variants have been used in Iceland (1946–1959), Niger (1993, 1995) and Madagascar (1998).

[4] This political science article is a stub.