Core frame model

The model was first suggested by Ronald R. Boyce and Edgar M. Horwood in 1959.

[1] The model includes an inner core where land is expensive and used intensively, resulting in vertical development.

This area is the focus of the transport system and has a concentrated daytime population.

The outer core and frame have lower land values and are less intensively developed.

[2] The various land uses are linked to the bid rent theory.