It crosses the territory of the municipalities of: The main neighboring watersheds of the Coulombe River are: The Coulombe River has its source in a marsh area 2.0 kilometres (1.2 mi) west of Mont Louise, 1.6 kilometres (0.99 mi) south of the village center Saints-Martyrs-Canadiens, 1.2 kilometres (0.75 mi) east of an abandoned quarry and 1.6 kilometres (0.99 mi) south of Sunday Lake.

From this marsh area, the course of the Coulombe River flows over 13.8 kilometres (8.6 mi) divided into the following segments: The Coulombe River empties on the west shore of Ward Bay of lake Aylmer.

The mouth is located 1.3 kilometres (0.81 mi) (in a direct line) southwest of the intersection of route 161 and route 112 from the village of Beaulac-Garthby.

The resort is particularly developed around Ward Bay.

The toponym Rivière Coulombe was officially registered on December 5, 1968, at the Commission de toponymie du Québec.