The highway extends 10.78 miles (17.35 km) from Route 159 (Oak Road) in Fairfield to the Passaic River in Belleville.

The route heads east-southeast as a four-lane divided highway called Bloomfield Avenue, which becomes an undivided road by the first intersection.

[1] Just after crossing the town line into West Caldwell, CR 506 becomes a divided highway again, and intersects with local roads as it passes suburban areas of homes and businesses.

The road briefly runs through North Caldwell, intersection CR 673 before it comes into Verona.

[1] After this intersection, CR 506 continues into Montclair and makes a turn to the south into residential areas.

The road crosses New Jersey Transit's Montclair-Boonton Line near the Bay Street station before coming into Glen Ridge.

[1] The road passes through wooded residential areas, intersecting CR 653 before crossing into Bloomfield.

[1] After passing some commercial establishments and crossing Norfolk Southern's Newark Industrial Track line, CR 506 ends underneath the Route 21 freeway, where it continues as a separate segment of Route 7, heading over the Passaic River on the Rutgers Street Bridge.