The Buren County was a territory situated in what is now the Dutch province of Gelderland.

The lordship's original fortress' Buren received city rights in 1395 by the knights Allard, Asch and Erichem; but through the acquisition, war and marriage, a number of villages were grown, including Beusichem, Zoelmond, Buurmalsen and Tricht.

Later Charles V wanted to raise Buren to a duchy, but Maximilian of Egmond replied: "I'd rather be a rich count than a poor duke" and thus Buren remained a county.

William of Orange in 1551 married the heiress Anna of Egmont, Countess of Buren, bring the county in the ownership of the House of Orange-Nassau.

Mary, the third child of William of Orange and Anna of Egmont, founded in 1612 the orphanage in Buren, serving the following 350 years.