Cryomicroscopy is a technique in which a microscope is equipped in such a fashion that the object intended to be inspected can be cooled to below room temperature.
In this case, the protein structure may not change with temperature, but the cryogenic environment enables the improvement of the electron microscopy process.
This development of the cryoelectron microscopy led to the awarding of the 2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry to Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson.
[3] With polarized light microscopy, the birefringence effect from, for example, orthorhombic domain structures, can be observed at cryogenic temperatures.
[5] The 2014 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was jointly awarded to Eric Betzig, Stefan Hell, and William E. Moerner for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy.