Curtana

The blade features a decorative "running wolf" mark which originated in the town of Passau, Lower Bavaria, Germany.

[19] The chalice and paten of St. Edward are also regalia mentioned for the first time on this occasion at Eleanor's coronation.

[20] There were political reasons why the provenance of Edward the Confessor needed to be promoted, as his mother was Norman, and he dwelled for some years in Normandy.

Therefore, according to Roger Sherman Loomis, the inference can be made with "little doubt" that this was in fact the sword later called Curtana.

[18] A plausible scenario suggested by Martin Aurell [fr] is that Henry II may have symbolically girt "Tristram's sword" onto his son John in 1177 (or 1185[33]) when he conferred him knighthood and appanage over Cornwall and Ireland― these being the native homelands of the sword-owner Tristan and sword-victim Morholt respectively.

[48] Others discount the possibility (E. M. R. Ditmas), and it may have resulted from confusion: there certainly had been St. Edward's effects which were removed from the grave and preserved as regalia, but this did not include a sword.

[50] It is known that at Richard I's coronation (1189) "three royal swords.. from the king's treasury", with scabbards covered in gold, were carried by three earls in the procession.

This cause immediate friction with other earls, but the king interceded, so it was decided that Chester, Warwick, and Lincoln would carry a sword each.

[53][m] Until the 14th century, it remained the job of the Earl of Chester to carry the sword during the coronation ceremony.

[1][q] Its blade was created in the 1580s by Italian bladesmiths Andrea Ferrara and his brother Giandonato/Zandonà, and imported into England from Italy.

[3][r] Together with two Swords of Justice and the Coronation Spoon, it is one of the few pieces of the Crown Jewels to have survived the English Civil War intact, having been sold to Roger Humphreys for £5 in 1649.