[2] By 1127, the Jin dynasty had conquered northern China in the Jin–Song wars and captured the Northern Song capital of Kaifeng in the Jingkang Incident, but they lacked the resources to administer the newly acquired territories.

[2][1] He refused to wear the formal clothing of the emperor outside of his encounters with Jin officials.

[2] The dynasty ended when Zhang agreed to recognize Emperor Gaozong as the new ruler of the revived Southern Song.

[7] The elimination of Zhang and the Chu buffer state infringed on the treaty that the Jin and Song had negotiated.

[7] The invasion was hampered by the ongoing insurgency by Song loyalists in northern China.