Daniel Chalonge (January 21, 1895 – November 28, 1977) was a French astronomer and astrophysicist.
He was born in Grenoble and studied in Paris under Charles Fabry.
One of the founders of the Institut d'astrophysique de Paris, his studies included the stellar spectrum of hydrogen, stellar photometry and classification, and measurement of the ozone layer.
During the Nazi occupation of France, Chalogne assumed the position of director of the Institut d'astrophysique de Paris after the previous director, Henri Mineur, was arrested by the Gestapo.
Chalonge died in Paris, survived by his wife and two daughters, Karen and Sonia.