[1] Both compounds have been approved in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in United States.
A leading therapeutic strategy in treating solid tumors stems from the use of demethylating agents to suppress DNA methylation in cancerous growths.
The FDA initially rejected the use of azacitidine clinically due to negative side effects caused by elevated toxicity levels.
However, in later clinical trials performed on patients with MDS, myelodysplastic syndromes, azacitidine provided effective and exhibited consistent results which led to FDA approval in 2004.
As more research is completed in the field of genetic mutations, specifically involving DNA Methylation, these drugs can be utilized to their maximum efficiency to clinically treat cancerous tumors.
[7] Procaine (PCA) is a demethylating agent considered to be effective in inhibiting the growth of human cancer cells.