Directorial system
One country now using this form of government is Switzerland,[1] and to a lesser extent San Marino, where directories rule all levels of administration, federal, cantonal and municipal.
The current president of the confederation is in fact only a primus inter pares (first among equals) with representative functions in particular for diplomacy with other States, without any power either of direction or of coordination of the activity of colleagues.
[3] In political history, the term directory, in French directoire, is applied to high collegial institutions of state composed of members styled director.
[4] The French Directory was inspired by the Pennsylvania Constitution of 1776, which prominently featured a collegial 12-member Supreme Executive Council with the president in fact only primus inter pares (first among equals).
Utilizing sortition to select multiple executives can lead to a directorial system.
Parliamentary systems : Head of government is elected or nominated by and accountable to the legislature
Presidential system : Head of government (president) is popularly elected and independent of the legislature
Hybrid systems:
Other systems:
Note: this chart represents the de jure systems of government, not the de facto degree of democracy.