The Dubois River flows through the municipalities of Saint-Adrien-d'Irlande, Irlande, in the Les Appalaches Regional County Municipality (MRC), in the administrative region of Chaudière-Appalaches, and Saint-Ferdinand of the MRC of L'Érable Regional County Municipality (Centre-du-Québec), in Quebec, Canada.

The main neighboring hydrographic slopes of the Dubois River are: The Dubois River has its source in the municipality of Saint-Adrien-d'Irlande, at 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) south of the hamlet "Clapham", at 1.1 kilometres (0.68 mi) south-east of route 216 and at 0.3 kilometres (0.19 mi) from the limit of the municipality of Saint-Jean-de-Brébeuf.

From its head area, the Dubois River flows over 6.7 kilometres (4.2 mi) divided into the following segments: The Dubois River flows onto the east shore of William Lake, which is crossed to the north by the Bécancour River.

This confluence is located opposite the village of Bernierville and 0.5 kilometres (0.31 mi) from the confluence of the Bécancour River whose current enters from the south of Lake William.

The toponym "rivière Dubois" was made official on June 12, 2006, at the Commission de toponymie du Québec.