[6] The village's East and West Main Street runs along the Madison–Chenango county line.

The Madison County part of Earlville is within the Syracuse Metropolitan Statistical Area.

After canal transportation waned, railroad service helped community commerce.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.1 square miles (2.8 km2), all land.

[2] New York State Route 12B, a north–south highway, passes through the center of the village as North and South Main Street.

East and West Main Street crosses NY 12B, dividing the village between the two counties (Madison and Chenango).

Homes often have traditionally vibrant colors popular for "painted ladies" of the era.