Edna Bay is the only populated town on Kosciusko Island, and has both year-round and part-time residents.

Year-round residents are either retired or work primarily in the fishing and logging industries.

As of 2007[update], Edna Bay hosts a combined general store and post office, a non-denominational Christian church, several sawmills and two licensed building contractors.

Visitors to Edna Bay without a local contact would be well advised to bring with them everything needed for remote outdoor survival, although food and a limited selection of non-food supplies can be purchased at the general store located approximately 3 miles by road from the marina.

Most land in and around Edna Bay is privately held and there are no public camping or day-use facilities.

Unescorted visitors should first check with the local residents before attempting to trespass, camp, or hunt in the area.

Starting in 2008, Edna Bay will also be home to an engineering and software development company, made possible due to the broadband-internet service brought to the community by the State of Alaska and AP&T.