Eduardo Liceaga (1839–1920) was a Mexican physician known as the "most distinguished hygienist of late-nineteenth century Mexico".

His medical education was received at the National School of Medicine in Mexico City, from which he graduated in 1866.

The National Academy of Medicine of Mexico made a special award to him for his work on "Dislocation of the Clavicle."

He was for many years president of the Board of Health of Mexico, during which time many active campaigns against disease were carried out and new measures inaugurated.

During his administration rabies vaccination was established, yellow fever along the Gulf Coast, and bubonic plague at Mazatlan were brought under control.